AOM

Question 1

What is the definition of ASOM?

Answer 1

Infection of the middle ear, commonly seen in children

Question 2

What are the characteristics of acute otitis media (AOM)?

Answer 2

Less than 3 weeks duration

Question 3

What anatomical feature contributes to AOM in children?

Answer 3

Children’s eustachian tube is shorter, narrow, and horizontal

Question 4

What is the primary dysfunction associated with upper respiratory tract infections and AOM?

Answer 4

Eustachian tube dysfunction

Question 5

What are some predisposing factors for AOM?

Answer 5

• Cleft palate
• Down syndrome
• Cystic fibrosis

Question 6

What occurs when there is a perforation of the tympanic membrane (TM)?

Answer 6

Temporal bone infection

Question 7

What is the first stage of AOM characterized by?

Answer 7

Swelling and edema of the eustachian tube, leading to negative pressure in the middle ear

Question 8

What are common symptoms of the first stage of AOM?

Answer 8

• Irritation (infants)
• Fever
• Otalgia (ear pain)
• Deafness
• Fullness of ear
• No fever

Question 9

What signs are associated with the first stage of AOM?

Answer 9

• Retraction pocket
• Conductive hearing loss

Question 10

What is the second stage of AOM known as?

Answer 10

Pre-suppurative stage

Question 11

What symptoms are typical of the second stage of AOM?

Answer 11

• Marked pain
• Bubbling sound
• High fever
• Deafness
• Difficulty in feeding (infants)

Question 12

What signs are present during the second stage of AOM?

Answer 12

• Hyperemia of TM
• Exudates

Question 13

What is the symptom progression in stage 5 of AOM?

Answer 13

Increased pain and deafness

Question 14

What are some complications associated with stage 5 of AOM?

Answer 14

• TM burst (pinpoint perforation)
• Pulsatile discharge (light house sign)

Question 15

Which bacteria are commonly associated with AOM?

Answer 15

• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Moraxella catarrhalis
• Haemophilus influenzae

Question 16

What viruses can contribute to AOM?

Answer 16

• Adenovirus
• Rhinovirus

Question 17

What is the primary method for diagnosing AOM?

Answer 17

Otoscopy based on the stages

Question 18

What tests are used in the diagnosis of AOM?

Answer 18

• Turning fork test
• Impedance audiometry

Question 19

What is the difference between AOM and otitis media with effusion?

Answer 19

AOM is characterized by infection, while otitis media with effusion is fluid accumulation without infection

Question 20

What are some underlying causes of recurrent AOM?

Answer 20

• Ciliary dysfunction
• Adenoid hyperplasia
• Edema of eustachian tube
• Allergies
• Smoking

Question 21

What is the significance of tympanometry in AOM diagnosis?

Answer 21

It assesses the mobility of the tympanic membrane and middle ear pressure

Question 22

What is a type A tympanogram indicative of?

Answer 22

Normal middle ear function

Question 23

What does a type B tympanogram indicate?

Answer 23

Fluid in the middle ear, indicating no compliance

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The treatment for AOM may include _______.

Answer 24

[antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications]

Question 25

True or False: AOM typically resolves without treatment in 6 months.

Answer 25

True