DNA structure/Replucation and protein synthesis/Mutations

Question 1

What is the genetic material for life on Earth?

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Describe the relationship between genes and chromosomes.

Answer 2

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Question 3

What type of macromolecule is DNA?

Answer 3

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Question 4

What are the monomers of DNA?

Answer 4

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Question 5

What are the 3 parts of every nucleotide?

Answer 5

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Question 6

What sugar does DNA contain?

Answer 6

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Question 7

What 2 parts make up the backbone of DNA?

Answer 7

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Question 8

To which part of the backbone do nitrogenous bases attach?

Answer 8

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Question 9

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases present in DNA?

Answer 9

Adenine, Cyanine, Thymine, Guanine,

Question 10

Which 2 scientists discovered that DNA is a double helix?

Answer 10

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Question 11

What holds the 2 stands of DNA together?

Answer 11

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Question 12

State Chargaff’s Rules.

Answer 12

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Question 13

Are the two strands of DNA identical?

Answer 13

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Question 14

If a sequence on a strand of DNA is ATG CTG AAC, what is the sequence on the complementary strand?

Answer 14

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Question 15

Why do cells need to replicate their DNA?

Answer 15

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Question 16

Where does replication occur in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 16

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Question 17

If the DNA molecule will not untwist and/or unzip, which enzyme is not working?

Answer 17

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Question 18

If new nucleotides aren’t being adding during replication, which enzyme is not working?

Answer 18

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Question 19

What is the end result of replication?

Answer 19

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Question 20

Why is replication called a semi-conservative model?

Answer 20

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Question 21

Does DNA physically make proteins?

Answer 21

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Question 22

What other nucleic acid is responsible for using the information in DNA to physically make proteins?

Answer 22

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Question 23

What type of macromolecule is RNA?

Answer 23

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Question 24

If you discover a new sample of nucleic acid that is single stranded, what is most likely its source?

Answer 24

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Question 25

If you discover a new sample of nucleic acid that contains ribose, what is most likely its source?

Answer 25

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Question 26

If you discover a new sample of nucleic acid that contains deoxyribose, what is most likely its source?

Answer 26

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Question 27

If you discover a new sample of nucleic acid that contains uracil, what is most likely its source?

Answer 27

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Question 28

If you discover a new sample of nucleic acid that contains thymine, what is most likely its source?

Answer 28

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Question 29

If a sequence of DNA is ATG CTG AAC, what is its RNA complement?

Answer 29

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Question 30

If a sequence of RNA is ACC GAU GGU, what is its RNA complement?

Answer 30

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Question 31

What is the function of mRNA?

Answer 31

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Question 32

What is the function of tRNA?

Answer 32

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Question 33

What is the function rRNA?

Answer 33

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Question 34

If RNA polymerase is malfunctioning, how will transcription be affected?

Answer 34

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Question 35

What is the end product of transcription?

Answer 35

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Question 36

Where does the mRNA travel to after it’s made

Answer 36

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Question 37

How many letters are in a codon?

Answer 37

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Question 38

How many different amino acids are there?

Answer 38

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Question 39

When reading a codon chart, which molecule is it decoding?

Answer 39

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Question 40

40. When does translation stop?

Answer 40

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Question 41

Describe chromosomal mutations.

Answer 41

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Question 42

For the next 5, you will need the image on the study guide to complete the questions.

Answer 42

For the next 5, you will need the image on the study guide to complete the questions.

Question 43

Look at the diagram on the study guide, Identify each type of chromosomal mutation.

Answer 43

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Question 44

Describe point mutations.

Answer 44

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Question 45

Identify which mutation switches the order of 2 nitrogenous bases.

Answer 45

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Question 46

Identify which mutation adds a nitrogenous base where it doesn’t belong and therefore disrupts the entire reading frame of codons.

Answer 46

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Question 47

Identify which mutation takes out a nitrogenous base and therefore disrupts the entire reading frame of codons.

Answer 47

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