DNA structure, protein synthesis, Test Flashcards
Best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component.
DNA–>RNA–>Protein
The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA.
Transcription
The directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists of 3 nucleotides in an RNA molecule
3
We would expect that a 15-nucleotide sequence will direct the production of a polypeptide that consists of
4 amino acids because the stop codon is not a nucleotide 15-3=12, 12/3=4
A base substitution mutation in a gene does not always result in a different protein. Why?
The fact that some amino acids are specified from more than one codon.
Which of the following enzymes(accelerate) catalyzes the linking together of RNA nucleotides to form RNA
RNA polymerase
Marks the end of a gene and causes transcription to stop______
A terminator
Marks the end of a mRNA and causes translation to stop_____
Stop Codon
Translation
the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins
What is the functions of tRNA
joining to only one specific type of amino acid.
Transcription occurs in the
Nucleus
Translation occurs in the
Cytoplasm
What enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5’–>3’ direction?
DNA polymerase
The leading and the lagging strands differ in that
the leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing stand, and the lagging strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5’ end.
What variations on translation would be most disadvantageous for a cell?
translating polypeptides directly from the DNA
