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Bio 214 > DNA Structure > Flashcards

DNA Structure Flashcards

mutations, tautomer shifts, replication

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

A

The molecule that carries the genetic instructions of the traits in all known living organisms

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2
Q

Double helix

A

-3d structure of dna
-2 spiral backbones
-twisted ladder rungs being (A,T,C,G)
-rails of the ladder are the sugar-phosphate backbone

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3
Q

how are the 2 strands of DNA joined together? to form double helix

A

hydrogen bonds (intermolecular forces)

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4
Q

Nucleotides- individual units of DNA

A

1 phosphate
1 sugar
1 nitrogenous base

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5
Q

Complementary base pairs

A

adenine pairs thymine (2 h-bonds)
guanine pair cytosine (3 h-bonds)

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6
Q

Nucleic Acid

A

refers to the large biomolecule composed of many nucleotides (DNA and RNA)

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7
Q

glyosidic bond

A

between nitrogenous base and sugar in nucleotide

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8
Q

phosphoester bond

A

sort of between sugar and phosphate in nucleotide

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9
Q

purines

A

two aromatic rings: A and G

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10
Q

pyrimidines

A

one aromatic ring: C, T, U

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11
Q

Nucleoside

A

Sugar + Nitrogenous base

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12
Q

Where does DNA binding protein bind?

A

In the major groove of dna by participating in hydrogen bonds

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13
Q

Is major groove chemically rich or poor?

A

Chemically rich

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14
Q

DNA is…

A

right handed
major and minor groove
~10 nucleotides per turn
length of one turn is 3.4 nm

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15
Q

What is a stable form of guanine and what does if bond to?

A

Keto, C

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16
Q

What is a stable form of adenine and what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

Amino, T

17
Q

What is an unstable form of guanine, what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

enol, T

18
Q

What is the unstable form of adenine and what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

imino, C

19
Q

What is the stable form of thymine and what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

keto, A

20
Q

What is the unstable form of thymine and what does it hydrogen bond to

A

enol, G

21
Q

What is the stable form of cytosine and what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

Amino, G

22
Q

What is the unstable form of cytosine and what does it hydrogen bond to?

A

imino, A

23
Q
A

Bio 214 (5 decks)

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