DNA Structure

Question 1

What are DNA and RNA?

Answer 1

Long chains of nucleotides

Question 2

What is the nucleotide made of?

Answer 2

A phosphate group
Five-Carbon sugar
One of 5 nitrogen containing bases

Question 3

What are the four nucleotides of DNA?

Answer 3

(A)denine
(T)hymine
(C)ytosine
(G)uanine

Question 4

What happens to the nucleotides in RNA?

Answer 4

Uracil replaces Thymine

Question 5

What is Chargaff’s Rule?

Answer 5

He found that nucleotides are not present in equal number
The number of A/C is almost identical to the number of T/G

Question 6

What family does Adenine and Guanine belong to?

Answer 6

The Purines

Question 7

What family does Cytosine and Thymine belong to?

Answer 7

The Pyrimidines

Question 8

How are the Complimentary base pairs held together?

Answer 8

Hydrogen bonds

Question 9

DNA strands are ____________

Answer 9

Antiparallel - the phosphate bridges run in opposite directions 5’ to 3’
Where the bridge extends past the sugar it’s 5’, where it doesn’t, it’s 3’

Question 10

RNA stats

Answer 10

A messenger that can go in and out of the nucleus - it’s single stranded
No Thymine, Uracil is used to bind w/ Adenine
Sugar (ribose) has an extra oxygen that DNA does not (hence DEOXYribonucleic acid)