Transforming Cells by Inserting New DNA Sequences

Question 1

What is Recombinant DNA?

Answer 1

A molecule of DNA that includes genetic material from different sources

Question 2

Technologies involved

Answer 2

Restriction Enzymes
Gel Electrophoresis

Question 3

Restriction Enzymes

Answer 3

They catalyze the cleavage of DNA at specific nucleotide sequences
Restriction endonucleases cut within the interior of a DNA molecule (not at the ends)
Cuts produce restriction fragments
DNA ligase will splice the strands together

Question 4

Gel Electrophoresis

Answer 4

A tool used to separate molecules according to their mass and charge. Can be used to separate fragments of DNA
DNA fragments applied to gel and exposed to an electric
DNA is egatively charged so the fragments will move towards the positive end of gel
Smaller fragments move faster
Fragments separate into a pattern of bands known as a DNA fingerprint

Question 5

Example

Answer 5

Investigators at a crime scene might find a sample of blood or skin
DNA from this sample can be cut with a restriction enzyme and run on gel electrophoresis to create a DNA fingerprint
This can be compared with the DNA fingerprint of a suspect in the crime
A match is very strong evidence that the suspect was present at the crime scene
DNA finger prints can also be used to solve parental disputes