DNA-RNA-PROTIEN

Question 1

steps in DNA replication

Answer 1

complimentary base pairing produces semiconservative replication
1. helicases unwind the parental double helix
2. single stranded binding proteins stabilize the unwound parental DNA
3. the leading strand is synthesized continually in the 5’-3’ direction by DNA polymerase
4. promise synthesizes a short RNA primer, which is extended by a DNA polymerase to form an Okazaki fragment
5. after RNA. polymerase os replaced by DNA, DNA ligase joins the Okazaki fragment to the growing strand

Question 2

pol 3

Answer 2

produces new strands of complimentary DNA

Question 3

pol 1

Answer 3

fills in the gaps between newly synthesized Okazaki fragments

Question 4

DNA helicase

Answer 4

unwinds double helicase

Question 5

single stranded bonded protiens

Answer 5

keeps helix open

Question 6

primase

Answer 6

creates RNA primers to initiate synthesis

Question 7

ligase

Answer 7

welds together Okazaki fragments

Question 8

topoisomerase

Answer 8

enzyme that relaxes super coils by nicking strands

Question 9

replication is ….

Answer 9

bidirectional

Question 10

replication forks move

Answer 10

in opposite directions form 5’ –> 3’ or 3’ –> 5’

Question 11

redundancy

Answer 11

basis for repair of errors that occur during replication or storage

Question 12

meiotic recombination process

Answer 12

1. homologs physically break, exchange parts and rejoin
2. recombination can occur anywhere along the DNA molecule
3. precision in the exchange can give rise to unequal yield of 2 different alleles, 50% of alleles are associated w/ crossing over and 50% aren’t

Question 13

difference in DNA and RNA

Answer 13

each nucleotide contains ribose instead of deoxyribose
single stranded and less stable than DNA

Question 14

bases of RNA

Answer 14

U, A, G, C

Question 15

central dogma of DNA

Answer 15

DNA –> (transcription) RNA –> (translation) Protiens

Question 16

mRNA

Answer 16

messanger RNA

Question 17

tRNA

Answer 17

transfer RNA

Question 18

rRNA

Answer 18

ribosomal RNA

Question 19

transcription is

Answer 19

RNA synthesis from DNA

Question 20

where does transcription occur?

Answer 20

in the nucleus

Question 21

steps of transcription

Answer 21

1. RNA polymerase attaches at the promoter sequence (TATA box) and moves along DNA, unzipping the strands – allows for one mRNA molecule to be formed
2. a molecule of messenger RNA is formed as a complementary copy of a region on one strand of the DNA molecule