DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis Flashcards
Double Helix
The structure of DNA. Looks like a twisted ladder.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What serves as the cookbook for the cell?
DNA, because it contains the instructions to make proteins necessary for the cell.
RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
What serves as the recipe cards for the cell?
mRNA, because each mRNA strand has the instructions to make one protein.
What are the ingredients used to make proteins?
Amino Acids.
What serves as the “prep” chef (the one who brings the ingredients to the chef for the cell?
tRNA, because each tRNA carries an amino acid that matches the anti-codon it also has.
What serves as the chef for the cell?
Ribosome (rRNA), because it brings together and joins the amino acids (ingredients) to make the proteins for the cell.
In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
The process of fertilizing an egg outside of the body and then implanting it in the womb.
What is the source of fetal cell for analysis and genetic counseling?
Amniotic Fluid.
Why is the sequence of nitrogenous bases of DNA important?
Because the sequence codes for protein production.
Genetic Engineering
The insertion of genes from one organism to another.
Mutations in DNA may lead to ______________.
Phenotypic changes in the organism.
Gel Electrophoresis
The techniques used to provide a “genetic fingerprint” of an individual.
Karyotype
To analyze and sort chromosomes based on:
Length, shape, type, number, etc.
