dna rna and proteinsynthesis (yellow)

Question 1

what is the monomer of dna?

Answer 1

dna nucleotide

Question 2

what is the monomer of mrna?

Answer 2

rna nucleotide

Question 3

what is the monomer of trna?

Answer 3

trna nucleotide

Question 4

what is the name of the sugar in dna?

Answer 4

deoxyribose

Question 5

what is the sugar in mrna and trna?

Answer 5

ribose

Question 6

how many carbons are in each sugar?

Answer 6

5

Question 7

what is the inorganic (has no carbon) part in dna, mrna and trna?

Answer 7

phosphate group

Question 8

how do the monomers join to form the polymer?

Answer 8

condensation reaction

Question 9

is dna single or double stranded?

Answer 9

double

Question 10

is mrna single or double stranded?

Answer 10

single

Question 11

is trna single or double stranded?

Answer 11

single

Question 12

what is the shape of dna?

Answer 12

double helix

Question 13

what is the shape of mrna?

Answer 13

single helixw

Question 14

what is the shape of trna?

Answer 14

clover

Question 15

are there hydrogen bonds in dna?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

are there hydrogen bonds in mrna?

Answer 16

no

Question 17

are there hydrogen bonds in trna?

Answer 17

yes

Question 18

what is the steps for transcription?

Answer 18

1. dna helix unwinds at the location of a gene
2. the two strands of dna split apart
3. free mrna nucleotides join up following the complimentary base pair rule
4. c pairs with g , a pairs with t/u
5. rna nucleotides join up by condensation reaction to form pre-mrna
6. pre-mrna breaks away
7. pre-mrna is spliced - introns removed

Question 19

why is a piece of mrna shorter than pre mrna?

Answer 19

introns removed from splicing

Question 20

what is a gene?

Answer 20

a base sequence that codes for a polypeptide or a functional rna moleculehat

Question 21

what is a gene locus?

Answer 21

the position of a gene on a chromosome

Question 22

what are exons?

Answer 22

sequences within a gene that code for amino acids

Question 23

what are introns?

Answer 23

sequences within a gene that do not code for amino acids

Question 24

what are multiple repeats?

Answer 24

non coding sequences betweeen genes

Question 25

what is a triplet/codon?

Answer 25

a sequence of 3 bases that codes for an amino acid

Question 26

what happens in translation?

Answer 26

1. mrna attatches to ribosome 2. trna anticodons bind to complimentary mrna codons 3. trna brings specific amino acid 4. amino acids join by peptide bonds 5. with the use of atp 6. ribosome moves along the mrna to form the polypeptide chain

Question 27

what is the organelle involved in translation?

Answer 27

ribosome

Question 28

what is the role of rna polymerase?

Answer 28

forms the sugar phosphate backbone by joining nucleotides