DNA & RNA

Question 1

Function: to hold genetic code

It is a type of nucleic acid

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Genetic instruction to make protein

Answer 2

Genetic code

Question 3

Meaning of DNA

Answer 3

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 4

Cell makes a working photocopy of itself to do the actual work of making proteins

Answer 4

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Question 5

T or F 
RNA IS
smaller
Single-stranded
Not contain thymine but contians uracil 
Contains ribose

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Serves as template or “work station” where protein synthesis can occur

Answer 6

Ribosome

Question 7

DNA STRUCTURE

Answer 7

1) Double Helix
2) Nucleotides
3) Gene

Question 8

DNA consist of 2 molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure

Answer 8

Double Helix

Question 9

Molecule of DNA & made up of millions of tiny subunits

Answer 9

Nucleotides

Question 10

Nucleotides:

Answer 10

1) Phosphate
2) Pentose Sugar
3) Nitrogenous Base

Question 11

4 types of nitrogenous base

Answer 11

1) adenine
2) guanine
3) thymine
4) cytosine

Question 12

Section of DNA that codes for a protein

The proteins and combination of proteins give us a unique phenotype

Answer 12

Gene

Question 13

Place where helicase attaches and opens DNA

Answer 13

Replication fork

Question 14

T or F

DNA is found in nucleus of eukaryotic cells

Answer 14

T

Question 15

T or F

DNA is found in nucleoid region in PROKARYOTES

Answer 15

T

Question 16

Process where DNA copies itself exactly

Occurs within the nucleus

Answer 16

Replication

Question 17

Mistake in copying

Answer 17

Mutation

Question 18

What is it called when each new DNA molecule contains of ONE OLD strand and ONE NEW strand

Answer 18

Semi-conservative replication

Question 19

Holds genetic info that is expressed in a specific order

Answer 19

Central Dogma

Question 20

Process of Protein synthesis

Answer 20

Replication -> Transcription -> Translation

Question 21

Changes in genetic material, changes in DNA code, forms a change in gene.

Answer 21

Gene Mutations

Question 22

Occurs when the base sequence of a codon is changed

Answer 22

Point Mutation

Question 23

3 types of point mutation

Answer 23

1) substitution
2) deletion
3) insertion

Question 24

T or F

Insertion and deletion mutations have the most effect on an organism because they affect many amino acids and the whole protein

Answer 24

T

Question 25

Single nitrogen base is substituted for another in a codon

May or may not affect the protein

Answer 25

Substitution Mutation

Question 26

A nitrogen base is inserted/added to the sequence

Always affects the protein

Answer 26

Insertion mutation

Question 27

A nitrogen base is deleted/removed from the sequence

Always affects the protein

Answer 27

Deletion Mutation

Question 28

Something that causes the DNA code to change or mutate

Answer 28

Mutagen