DNA + RNA Flashcards
What do nucleic acids do?
DNA carries the genetic code that determins the sequences of amino acids in every protein made.
mRNA carries these instructions out of the nucleas to the ribosomes are assembled
tRNA carries the amino acids to ribosomes structure
rRNA makes up some of the ribosomes structure
DNA conatains genes that code for proteins and also has regions that help regulate how genes are experssed
What are nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are polymers. They are also called polynucleotides
What are nucleotides made of
- Nitrogen including organic molecule
- Made in 3 parts : nitrogen containing base, 5c pentose sugar , One or more phosphate group
What are the nitrogeneous bases
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
What are purines
Purines have two rings
- Adenine
- Guanine
What are pyrimidene
Pyrimidene have one ring
- Cytosine
- Thymine
- Uracil
What is the difference between RNA and DNA
-DNA contains deoxyribose sugar
-RNA contains ribose sugar
What is the structure of Deoxyribonucleic acid
What was Griffith practical 1928 main aim / hypothesis ?
Material in dead bacterial cells can transform living bacterial cells.
What was the conclusion of the Griffith 1928
A chemical substance from one cell is genetically transforming another cell.
Explain the process of the experiment : Avery Macleod and McCarty
- Remove lipids and sugars from a solution of a heat-killed S cells. Proteins, RNA and DNA remain.
- Treat solutions with enzymes to destroy protein, DNA or RNA
- Add culture containing living R cells . Observe for transformation by testing for the presence of virulent S cells.
Explain the process of the experiment : Chargaff ‘ s rule 1949
- Chargaff used chromatography to separate the purines from pyrimidines
- He then used UV light to identify how much of each base was in the DNA
- He was able to work out the relationship between the bases