DNA & RNA

Question 1

double stranded helix

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

one stranded helix

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

what connects the DNA strands?

Answer 3

Hydrogen bond

Question 4

Why hydrogen bond?

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds are strong enough to keep the DNA bases together and weak enough to separate the helix without much energy.

Other bonds are too strong to zip apart while others are too weak to keep the molecule stable

Question 5

DNA Sugar is called

Answer 5

deoxyribose

Question 6

DNA stands for

Answer 6

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 7

RNA sugar is called

Answer 7

ribose

Question 8

RNA stands for

Answer 8

ribonucleic acid

Question 9

• directed towards the backbone strand
• 2 ringed structure
• 6 membered ring fused to a 5 membered ring

Answer 9

purines

Question 10

purine nitrogenous bases

Answer 10

Adenine & Guanine

Question 11

• one (single) ring structure
• 6 membered ring

Answer 11

Pyrimidines

Question 12

Pyrimidine nitrogenous bases

Answer 12

Cytosine, Thymine, & Uracil

Question 13

ring count

Answer 13

clockwise

Question 14

DNA main function

Answer 14

to store information needed for protein synthesis

Question 15

DNA location

Answer 15

Nucleus & Mitochondria

Question 16

4 Nitrogenous Bases of DNA

Answer 16

Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, Guanine

Question 17

4 Nitrogenous Bases of RNA

Answer 17

Adenine, Cytosine, Uracil, Guanine

Question 18

types of RNA

Answer 18

mRNA (messenger RNA)
tRNA (transfer RNA)
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

Question 19

deliver message from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

Answer 19

mRNA

Question 20

transfer and translate the language of nucleotides into the language of amino acids

Answer 20

tRNA

Question 21

Site of protein synthesis

Answer 21

rRNA

Question 22

DNA strands are ____________ to each other

Answer 22

antiparallel
3’______________5’
5’______________3’

Question 23

• Building block of DNA
• Form the basic structural units of nucleic acids (refers to DNA & RNA)

Answer 23

Nucleotide

Question 24

Nucleotide is composed of…

Answer 24

phosphate group, sugar, & nitrogenous base.

Question 25

What disrupts protein synthesis

Answer 25

A change on the structure of the nucleotide can affect or change the result of the proteins

Question 26

DNA backbone (nucleotide) is composed of…

Answer 26

phosphate groups, sugar, & nitrogenous bases

Question 27

First to discover the DNA/identify the color of the DNA nitrogenous bases

Answer 27

Rosalind Franklin

Adenine = Green
Thymine = Red
Guanine = Blue
Cytosine = Orange