DNA Replication in Prokaryotes Flashcards
1
Q
Function of DNA Helicase
A
- unwinds the DNA at the replication fork
- Breaks the hydrogen bonds between the bases
- Requires ATP
2
Q
Function of DNA Gyrase
A
- Removes the supercoiling created by the action of Helicase
3
Q
Function of DNA Polymerase III
A
- Adds DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE TRIOSPHATES to the 3’ end
4
Q
Function of DNA Primase
A
- Adds NUCELOSIDE TRIOSPHATES on the lagging strand to form an RNA primer
5
Q
Function of DNA Polymerase I
A
- Removes RNA primer
- Replaces it using DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE TRIOSPHATES
6
Q
Function of DNA Ligase
A
- Joins the Okazaki fragments together
7
Q
In what direction does DNA replication occur
A
5’ to 3’ direction
8
Q
What are Nucleosomes
A
Clumps of protein around which DN is coiled
9
Q
What are the functions of nucleosomes
A
- supercoiling DNA
- Regulating transcription
10
Q
Which bases are pyramidines
A
- Tymine
- Cytosine
- Uracil
11
Q
Which Bases are Purines
A
- Adenine
- Guanine
12
Q
What are the 3 components of a nucleotide
A
- Phosphate Group
- Ribose Sugar in RNA
- Deoxyribose sugar in DNA
- Base (A,T/U,C,G)
13
Q
What does Antiparallel mean
A
The Two sugar-phosphate strands run in opposite directions
14
Q
What kind of bond link the sugar and the base/ phosphate and the base together
A
strong covalent
15
Q
what kind of bonds link the bases together
A
Hydrogen
