DNA Replication Enzyme Quiz

Question 1

What does helicase do?

Answer 1

Unwinds DNA helix by disrupting hydrogen bonds

Question 2

What enzyme: Unwinds DNA helix by disrupting hydrogen bonds

Answer 2

Helicase

Question 3

What does Single-strand binding protein (SSB) do?

Answer 3

Stops the two separated parent strands from annealing

Question 4

What enzyme: Stops the two separated parent strands from annealing

Answer 4

Single-strand binding protein (SSB)

Question 5

What does Topoisomerases do?

Answer 5

Cleaves and reattaches one or two of DNA strands to relieve tension created by the unwinding process

Question 6

What enzyme: Cleaves and reattaches one or two of DNA strands to relieve tension created by the unwinding process

Answer 6

Topoisomerases

Question 7

What does RNA primase do?

Answer 7

• Replication enzyme that builds RNA primers

- Places RNA primers on template strands

Question 8

What enzyme:

• Replication enzyme that builds RNA primers
• Places RNA primers on template strands

Answer 8

RNA Primase

Question 9

What does DNA polymerases do?

Answer 9

• Assemble nucleotides into new DNA strands
• Remove RNA primer nucleotide and replace them with DNA nucleotides
• Proofread and repair replication errors and other damage to DNA molecules

Question 10

What enzyme:

• Assemble nucleotides into new DNA strands
• Remove RNA primer nucleotide and replace them with DNA nucleotides
• Proofread and repair replication errors and other damage to DNA molecules

Answer 10

DNA polymerases

Question 11

What does DNA ligase do?

Answer 11

• Catalyzes the formation of the phosphodiester bond that joins between the ends of 2 DNA strands and between Okazaki fragments
• Joins DNA fragments by catalyzing bond between 3 hydroxyl group and a 5 phosphate group on the sugar phosphate backbones

Question 12

What enzyme:

• Catalyzes the formation of the phosphodiester bond that joins between the ends of 2 DNA strands and between Okazaki fragments
• Joins DNA fragments by catalyzing bond between 3 hydroxyl group and a 5 phosphate group on the sugar phosphate backbones

Answer 12

DNA ligase

Question 13

What does DNA Polymerase III do?

Answer 13

• Prokaryotic replication enzyme that builds new DNA strands from nucleotides
• Synthesizes complementary strands of DNA during DNA replication

Question 14

What enzyme:

• Prokaryotic replication enzyme that builds new DNA strands from nucleotides
• Synthesizes complementary strands of DNA during DNA replication

Answer 14

DNA Polymerases III

Question 15

What does DNA Polymerase II do?

Answer 15

Prokaryotic replication enzyme that repairs damage to DNA, including damage that occurs between replication events

Question 16

What enzyme: Prokaryotic replication enzyme that repairs damage to DNA, including damage that occurs between replication events

Answer 16

DNA Polymerase II

Question 17

What does Polymerase I do?

Answer 17

• Fills in gaps in the lagging strand between Okazaki fragments
• Proof reads final strands
• Removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA nucleotides during DNA replication

Question 18

What enzyme:

• Fills in gaps in the lagging strand between Okazaki fragments
• Proof reads final strands
• Removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA nucleotides during DNA replication

Answer 18

Polymerase I

Question 19

What does DNA Gyrase do?

Answer 19

• Bacteria enzyme that relieves the tension produced by the unwinding of DNA replication

Question 20

What enzyme: - Bacteria enzyme that relieves the tension produced by the unwinding of DNA replication

Answer 20

DNA Gyrase