Chapter 2 & 3 Flashcards
Passive Transport
Transport across membranes that requires no energy, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Dynamic Equilibrium
Even after an even concentration is achieved, molecules continue to move back and forth, however the concentration stays balanced
Diffusion
Type of passive transport; higher to lower concentration; requires no energy
How many types of diffusion are there?
2 types of diffusions:
- Simple diffusion
- Facilitated diffusion
How many types of passive transport are there?
3; Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and Osmosis
Simple Diffusion
The ability of small non-polar molecules to move across membranes unassisted
Facilitated Diffusion
With the help of proteins embedded in membranes, molecules and ions can pass though the membrane
Osmosis
The passive diffusion of water across a membrane
Primary Active Transport
All primary active transport pumps move positively charged ions, such as H+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+, across membranes.
Exocytosis
Vesicles moving through cytosol reach the plasma membrane. The vesicle fuses with the membrane and empties its contents into the exterior of the cell
Endocytosis
Proteins and other substances are trapped in a pit like bulge that that sticks out from the plasma membrane and it pinches off as a vesicle
How many types of endocytosis are there?
3;
- Pinocytosis
- Receptor mediated endocytosis
- Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
- Water drinking
- Water is taken in along with any proteins or other molecules that may be in it
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
Molecules to be taken in are bound to receptor proteins on the outside. After binding the receptor proteins collect in a circle surrounded by proteins and a vesicle is formed
Phagocytosis
Cell takes in bacteria, parts of dead cells, viruses and other foreign particles
