DNA Replication Flashcards
DNA Replication-
-must occur before cell division
DNA - Replication
Cell has to copy its genome with great accuracy-
Mistakes in replicaton cause mutations
Duplication rate
~1000 nucleotides/second, bilions of nucleotides during every cell division
Each strand of a DNA double helix can serve as a _______ for the replication of the other ( complementary) strand.
template
The daughter strand is ______ to the template strand.
antiparallel
DNA replication in cells is ________.
semiconservative
* both of the two parent strands are conserved, one in each of the two daughter molecules
*daughter strands are complementary to the respective parent strands
*therefore, the two daughter molecules are identical t the original parent molecule
to be used as a template-
two strands must be separated
Initiator proteins-
bind to the DNA and open double helix
Replication origin:
Site on the DNA double helix where replication is initiated.
Site where the double helix first opens-_________
replication bubble
* consist of specific nucleotide sequences recognized by initiator proteins
* A-T rich (easier to separate)
*100 bp (base pairs) in length
Procaryotes
* 1 replication origin per chromosome
* replication rate~1000 nucleotides/sec
Eucaryotes
* multiple replication sites on each chromosome
*replication rate~ 100 nucleotides/sec (more complex chromatin structure)
Eucaryotes
in eucaryotes replication origins are activated in clusters of ______ to _____ adjacent orgins-_______.
20
80
replication units
Replication of DNA occurs at _____ ____.
replication forks
