DNA replication Flashcards

1
Q

prokaryotic initiator protein

A

DnaA

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2
Q

OriC

A

Single origin of replication in bacteria

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3
Q

Composition of sequence adjacent to OriC

A

AT rich. Base pairing is less stable than GC so DNA can open more easily to start the replication bubble.

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4
Q

DnaB

A

helicase in prokaryotes (DnaC helps)

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5
Q

DnaG

A

primase in prokaryotes

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6
Q

DNA polymerase I function

A

DNA polymerase I function

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7
Q

DNA polymerase III function

A

Replicative chain elongation

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8
Q

Exonuclease activity of DNA pol I

A

5’ to 3’ (unique to pol I) and 3’ to 5’

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9
Q

Which prokaryotic DNA polymerase has higher processivity?

A

DNA polymerase III

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10
Q

Beta subunit of DNA pol III

A

sliding clamp with low internal affinity for DNA. Responsible for high processivity of DNA pol III.

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11
Q

Gamma complex of DNA pol III

A

clamp loader

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12
Q

Core enzyme of DNA pol III

A

Theta, epsilon, and alpha subunits

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13
Q

𝛂 subunit of DNA pol III

A

polymerase

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14
Q

ε subunit of DNA pol III

A

proofreader with 3’ exonuclease ability

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15
Q

ter sites

A

Indicate termination region. Binding site for TUR protein

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16
Q

ek DNA pol for leading strand replication

A

DNA pol 𝛆

17
Q

ek DNA pol for lagging strand replication

A

DNA pol 𝛅

18
Q

ek DNA pol for repair

A

DNA pol β

19
Q

ek DNA pol with high processivity with PCNA

A

DNA pol 𝛅

20
Q

DNA polymerases highly sensitive to aphidicolin

A

alpha, delta, and epsilon

21
Q

PCNA

A

equivalent to the beta subunit of polymerase III–sliding clamp shaped like a ring.

22
Q

Origin of replication in yeast

A

ARS - autonomous replicating sequences

23
Q

Helicase in yeast

A

MCM - mini chromosome maintenance proteins

24
Q

Stabilize ssDNA in yeast

A

RPA - replication protein a

25
Q

Synthesizes DNA in mitochondria

A

DNA polymerase γ

26
Q

Removes RNA primers in yeast

A

Rnase H and Fen1 (flap endonuclease 1)

27
Q

What does the pre-replication complex include?

A

ORC, inactive helicase (MCM), other proteins

28
Q

pk DNA polymerase involved in SOS repair

A

DNA pol II, IV, and V

29
Q

What does the holoenzyme complex of DNA pol III consist of?

A

2x (α, ε, θ, β, and τ) and 1x (δ, δ’, γ, χ and ψ)

30
Q

Which ek DNA polymerases lack 3’ exonuclease activity?

A

Alpha and beta. These cannot proofread.

31
Q

What kind of topoisomerase separates interlinking strand of replicated DNA in prokaryotes.

A

Topoisomerase type II

32
Q

Licensing

A

Assembly of pre-replication complex

33
Q

Anticipation

A

Worsening of a disease with successive generations

34
Q

Protein component of telomerase

A

hTERT - human telomerase reverse transcriptase

35
Q

RNA component of telomerase

A

hTR - human telomerase RNA

36
Q

How is the 3’ overhang stabilized?

A

Loop structure with proteins called TTAGGG repeat binding factors (TRF-1 and TRF-2)