DNA replication Flashcards
prokaryotic initiator protein
DnaA
OriC
Single origin of replication in bacteria
Composition of sequence adjacent to OriC
AT rich. Base pairing is less stable than GC so DNA can open more easily to start the replication bubble.
DnaB
helicase in prokaryotes (DnaC helps)
DnaG
primase in prokaryotes
DNA polymerase I function
DNA polymerase I function
DNA polymerase III function
Replicative chain elongation
Exonuclease activity of DNA pol I
5’ to 3’ (unique to pol I) and 3’ to 5’
Which prokaryotic DNA polymerase has higher processivity?
DNA polymerase III
Beta subunit of DNA pol III
sliding clamp with low internal affinity for DNA. Responsible for high processivity of DNA pol III.
Gamma complex of DNA pol III
clamp loader
Core enzyme of DNA pol III
Theta, epsilon, and alpha subunits
𝛂 subunit of DNA pol III
polymerase
ε subunit of DNA pol III
proofreader with 3’ exonuclease ability
ter sites
Indicate termination region. Binding site for TUR protein
ek DNA pol for leading strand replication
DNA pol 𝛆
ek DNA pol for lagging strand replication
DNA pol 𝛅
ek DNA pol for repair
DNA pol β
ek DNA pol with high processivity with PCNA
DNA pol 𝛅
DNA polymerases highly sensitive to aphidicolin
alpha, delta, and epsilon
PCNA
equivalent to the beta subunit of polymerase III–sliding clamp shaped like a ring.
Origin of replication in yeast
ARS - autonomous replicating sequences
Helicase in yeast
MCM - mini chromosome maintenance proteins
Stabilize ssDNA in yeast
RPA - replication protein a
Synthesizes DNA in mitochondria
DNA polymerase γ
Removes RNA primers in yeast
Rnase H and Fen1 (flap endonuclease 1)
What does the pre-replication complex include?
ORC, inactive helicase (MCM), other proteins
pk DNA polymerase involved in SOS repair
DNA pol II, IV, and V
What does the holoenzyme complex of DNA pol III consist of?
2x (α, ε, θ, β, and τ) and 1x (δ, δ’, γ, χ and ψ)
Which ek DNA polymerases lack 3’ exonuclease activity?
Alpha and beta. These cannot proofread.
What kind of topoisomerase separates interlinking strand of replicated DNA in prokaryotes.
Topoisomerase type II
Licensing
Assembly of pre-replication complex
Anticipation
Worsening of a disease with successive generations
Protein component of telomerase
hTERT - human telomerase reverse transcriptase
RNA component of telomerase
hTR - human telomerase RNA
How is the 3’ overhang stabilized?
Loop structure with proteins called TTAGGG repeat binding factors (TRF-1 and TRF-2)