Dna Replication Flashcards
What is the main purpose of DNA replication?
To produce two identical copies of a DNA molecule.
True or False: DNA replication occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle.
True
What enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during replication?
DNA helicase
Fill in the blank: The short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand are called _____ fragments.
Okazaki
Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides?
DNA polymerase
What is the role of RNA primase in DNA replication?
To synthesize a short RNA primer to initiate DNA synthesis.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?
A. Protein synthesis
What is the direction of DNA strand synthesis?
5’ to 3’
True or False: Both strands of DNA are replicated simultaneously.
True
What is the function of DNA ligase in replication?
To join Okazaki fragments together.
Fill in the blank: The original strands of DNA serve as _____ for the new strands.
templates
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides
Multiple Choice: Which type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
C. Hydrogen bonds
Which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
True or False: DNA replication is a semi-conservative process.
True
What is the role of topoisomerase in DNA replication?
To relieve the tension in the DNA strand ahead of the replication fork.
Fill in the blank: DNA replication begins at specific locations called _____ origins.
replication
What is the significance of the 3’ end of a DNA strand?
It is the end of the strand where nucleotides are added during replication.
Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading new DNA strands?
B. DNA polymerase
What type of replication occurs in prokaryotic cells?
Bidirectional replication
True or False: Eukaryotic DNA replication involves multiple origins of replication.
True
Which strand is synthesized continuously during DNA replication?
Leading strand
Fill in the blank: The lagging strand is synthesized in _____ fragments.
discontinuous
What is the role of single-strand binding proteins (SSBs) during DNA replication?
To stabilize the unwound DNA strands and prevent them from re-annealing.
