DNA Replication Flashcards
Adenine goes with
Thymine (or uracil in RNA)
Guanine goes with
Cytosine
Purines
Adenine and guanine
Pyrimidines
Cytosine and thymine (or uracil in RNA)
Two hydrogen bonds
Adenine and thymine (or uracil in RNA)
3 hydrogen bonds
Cytosine and guanine
End that DNA can be built off of
3’
Deoxyribose
Sugar that is in a nucleotide (it’s ribose in RNA)
Phosphodiester bond
Bond between the 3’ on the deoxyribose sugar and the phosphate group on the new nucleus acid
Semi-conservative replication
Part of the original strand is conserved in each new DNA strand
Replication fork
Where H bonds break (starting point)
Replication bubbles
Are formed to replicate DNA quickly
Nucleotide triphosphate
Two phosphates are removed to provide energy and a nucleotide
Helipads
Untwists parental strand
Topoisomerase
Relieves tension in front of replication fork
Promise
Enzyme that makes primers
Single-strand binding proteins
Line up along unpaired strands to hold them apart
DNA polymerase 3
Adds nucleotides
RNA Primer
Piece of RNA that tells DNA where to start copying
Polymerase roles
Helps connect Okazaki fragments, adds new DNA to primer location, helps correct mistakes in copying DNA
Leading strand
The parent strand has 3’ end and new strand has 5’ end and builds in on 3’ end. Only needs one primer
