DNA Repair, Recombination, and Transposition Flashcards
True/ false: DNA a e and delta have exonuclease domains for proof reading
true
which DNA pol has the best proof reading capabilities
DNA pol delta
Components of base excision repair are….
Glycosylases
Ap endonuclease
DNA pol beta and lamda
Nucleotide excision repair components…
Excision nuclease
TF 2 helicase
Pol e and pol Delta or kappa
Ligase
Translesion categories
"Inserters"= pick base to add "extenders"= continue synthesis
does translation repair cut out the mutated DNA
no
when does homologous repair occur?
only in G1 and S phase
Non- homologous end joining components
KU. 70/80 kinases
Artemis nuclease- cuts ss DNA
TDT, pol u, lamda
DNA ligase 4
What protein is responsible for creating the D loop in crossing over?
Rad 51
Crossing over involves sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes
Spo 11 creates a double stranded break, where does this occur?
Near methylated CpG islands
Name the components associated with crossing over
Spo 11 MRN nuclease MRE 11 Nibrin Rad 50 Wdcp
Aneuploidy
Abnormal # of chromosomes
Stalled replication fork components
BIR
RPA
MIDAS
What proteins start a replication fork after it was stalled?
Brca 1 and 2
Which protein loads rad 51 after replication fork stall?
Brca 2
Class I transposons require two enzymes
Reverse transcriptase and integrase
Between retroviral and non retroviral transposons, which has non terminal repeats?
non retroviral
True or false: retroviral transposons have residue poly a tails
false
give an example of retroviral and non retroviral transposons respectively
HERVS
SINs and LINEs
What is translesion synthesis
last ditch effort to repair damage but pretty much just a band-aid= does not permanently fix the damage just moves pass the issue
Translesion synthesis inserters
REV 1 (guess what will be across)
Pol n
Pol l
Translesion synthesis extenders
pol z
pol n
what is dsDNA mean
at break points in DNA if they are still together they are known as non homologous end joining (NHEJ)
- non-discriminate
- cut and paste event (very scary)
what is ssDNA
at break points if they are only one they are known as homologous recombination (HR)
-everything has to be perfectly in line in order to connect
Nonhomologous end joining is what…
the primary mechanism of double stranded break correction in humans
Ku proteins
protects DNA double stranded ends and make sure they stay where they are supposed to be instead of getting chewed up again
Artemis
what makes sure that DNA is double stranded at the end. If anything is single stranded at the end it gets clipped off
what does TdT, pol u, and pol lambda do?
They bridge the gap. when you have a cut on your finger they help with sticking the two pieces back together
what does DNA ligase IV do
adds the final phosphodiester bonds
what are the reasons to using homologous recombination?
a more seamless way to resolve DSBs than NHEJ
crossing over in meiosis increases offspring diversity
helps link sister chromatids together ^^
rescues stalled replication fork
