DNA Profiling

Question 1

DNA Profiling

Answer 1

Identification of people based on their DNA –> traditionally used RFLP technique, now uses STR (Short Tandem Repeats) profiling

Question 2

DNA Variation

Answer 2

Variation between DNA is in non-coding regions (genes usually all the same) –> has highly repetitive DNA called STRs - number of STRs vary, causing variance in length of non-coding region (polymorphism)

Question 3

Process

Answer 3

1. Sample Collected (blood, skin, hair, etc.)
2. DNA Extraction
3. PCR: uses specially designed primers that surround STRs in non-coding regions –> amplifies specific region
4. Gel Electrophoresis: used to compare & analyze length of samples
5. Comparison of samples

Question 4

Sharing of STRs

Answer 4

Possible that some people will share same pattern & length for a small, specific area –> such as identical twins and close genetic relatives (parent/child, siblings)

Question 5

Applications

Answer 5

Forensic sciences, identification of vitamins, identification of genetic parents