DNA Processes

Question 1

PROCESS OF TRANSLATION

Answer 1

• mRNA strand attaches to the ribosome and it provides code for linking of amino acids to form a specific protein
• tRNA occurs in cytoplasm and picks up amino acids and brings them to ribosomes
• each tRNA has anticodon on the loops
• a specific tRNA brings the amino acid for which it is coded to the mRNA template
• amino acids join in sequence and form a polypeptide chain
• tRNA breaks bond with amino acid and moves away after a peptide bond is formed

Question 2

PROCESS OF TRANSCRIPTION

Answer 2

• the gene of one DNA serves as the template
• two strands unzip (hydrogen bonds break)
• RNA nucleotides are used to build a complementary mRNA strand on the DNA and a single mRNA strand is formed
• each codon codes for an amino acid
• as the mRNA forms, it moves away from the DNA and it rejoins again
• mRNA leaves the nucleus and taken to ribosomes

Question 3

REPLICATION PROCESS

Answer 3

• Double helix unwinds and hydrogen bonds break.
• Freefloating nucleotides in nuceloplasm build complementary DNA strands onto original strands.
• Enzymes control joining and each original strand is a template.
• Two identical copies are formed.