DNA, Meiosis, and Reproduction Flashcards
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The process during which chromosome number is [halved] in order to produce gametes.
Meiosis
The process in which the chromosome number is duplicated to produce body cells.
Mitosis
Shape of a DNA molecule
Spiral Staircase
1 set of chromosomes=
haploid
2 sets of chromosomes=
diploid
first cell of an organism
zygote
reproductive cells
gametes (egg and sperm)
a pair that has the same size and shape and contains the same genes,but different forms of genes; one came from the male parent and one came from the female parent.
homologous
4 molecules in DNA that complement each other and are linked by hydrogen bonds.
nitrogen base( A, T, and G, C )
the process of forming a new organism from a single cell or organism.
Asexual reproduction
the process of forming a new organism from 2 parents.
Sexual reproduction
DNA wrapped around a protein that carries genetic material.
chromosome
Mitosis has _ cells divisions
1
Meiosis has _ cell divisions
2
Mitosis has an ____ of the DNA of the daughter cell compared to the parent cell.
exact copy
Meiosis has ____ the amount of DNA of the daughter cell compared to the parent cell.
half
Mitosis produces ____
body cells
Meiosis produces ____
gametes
self pollination
the pollination of a flower by pollen from the same flower or from another flower on the same plant.
binary fission
asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies
parthenogenesis
an asexual reproduction in which a female can produce an embryo without fertilizing an egg with sperm.
fragmentation
the process by which a living organism split into parts that later grow identical to the original organism.
cross pollination
the process of applying pollen from one flower to the pistils of another flower.
how many pairs of chromosomes to humans have?
23 pairs
deoxyribonucleic
DNA
which 3 people won a noble prize for determining the structure of a DNA molecule?
Watson,Crick,Wilkins
3 main components of nucleotide s
sugar,phosphate group,nitrogen base.
Deoxyribose
the specific sugar in a DNA molecule
the sides of a DNA molecule are made up of__
sugar and phosphate
what are the rungs of DNA molecule made of?
hydrogen bonds
who created the rules for hydrogen bases
Chargaff
