DNA FACTS Flashcards
what is a gene?
chromosomes are composed of genes, DNA is the chemical that genes and chromosomes are made of
where in the cell are chromosomes located?
the nucleus
DNA can be found in what other organelles?
mitochondria and chloroplasts
what two scientists established the structure of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick
what are the sides of the DNA ladder made of?
alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
what are the “rungs” of the DNA ladder made of?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
what sugar is found in DNA and RNA?
DNA -> dioxyribose
RNA -> ribose
how do the bases bond together?
A + T
G + C
the two purines in DNA are…
adenine and guanine
DNA is made of repeating units called…
nucleotides
why is RNA necessary to act as a messenger? why can’t the code be taken directly from the DNA?
DNA is too big to go through the nucleus pores. However, the RNA is small enough
proteins are made where in the cell?
Nucleus
why is DNA called the “blueprint of life”?
because a blueprint tells the builders how to make a house, DNA does the same by telling cells how to build the organism
