DNA- deoxyribosenucleicacid

Question 1

what is a nucleotide

Answer 1

a molecule consisting of a five carbon sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base.
Monomer of a nucleic acid

Question 2

what is a polynucleotide

Answer 2

multiple nucleotides making a large molecule

Question 3

what carbon is the nitrogenous base linked to of the pentose sugar

Answer 3

the base is linked to sugar at C1

Question 4

what carbon is the phosphate group linked to on a pentose sugar

Answer 4

c3 or c5

Question 5

what bonds form to attach a sugar, phopshate and base.

Answer 5

covalent bond formed via a condensation reaction

Question 6

what is the monomer of a nucleic acid

Answer 6

nucleotide

Question 7

what is a phosphorylated nucleotide

Answer 7

a nucleotide which has more than one phosphate group

Question 8

what is an example of a phosphorylated nucleotide

Answer 8

ADP and ATP

Question 9

give an example of a nucleotide being a component of a coenzyme

Answer 9

NADP

Question 10

what is a nucleoside

Answer 10

a nucleotide without a phosphate group

Question 11

where is dna found in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 11

in the nuclei

Question 12

how many polynucleotide strands is there in 1 dna

Answer 12

2

Question 13

what is the word to describe the strands of dna

Answer 13

antiparallel

Question 14

what is a purine,

Answer 14

a nucleotide consisting of two rings

adenine
guanine

Question 15

what is a pyrimidine

Answer 15

a nucleotide with 1 ring

thymine
cytosine

Question 16

name the pairs of bases

Answer 16

guanine and cytosine

adenine and thymine

Question 17

what does it mean by the 5’ end of a strand

Answer 17

the end of the sugar phosphate backbone where the phosphate group is attached to the fifth carbon of the sugar

Question 18

what is the sugar phosphate backbone

Answer 18

structural framework of the nucleic acids representing the upright part of the dna molecule

Question 19

what does it mean by the 3’ end of a strand

Answer 19

where the phosphate is attached to the third carbon of a deoxyribose sugar in the sugar phosphate backbone

Question 20

what are the “rungs of the ladder”

Answer 20

complimentary nitrogenous base pairs, joined by hydrogen bonds

Question 21

dna is wound around what protiens

Answer 21

dna is wound around histone proteins to create chromosomes

Question 22

what is the ratio of dna:chromosome

Answer 22

1 dna molecule : 1 chromosome

Question 23

in prokaryotes, describe the dna

Answer 23

dna is
- a loop of dna in the cytoplasm
-not wound around histone proteins “naked”