Dna Chromosomes and Genes

Question 1

How can a change in a base for a gene effect an enzyme

Answer 1

Change in a base changes the triplet/codon
This changes the amino acid it codes for
So there will be a different sequence of amino acids
This means the polypeptide will fold into a differently shaped protein/enzyme
The protein/enzyme may have a differently shaped active site
So it may no longer be complementary to the substrate
Which would mean it couldn’t form an enzyme-substrate complex
So it couldn’t catalyse the reaction as well / the rate would be lower