DNA And RNA Vocab

Question 1

Chromosomes

Answer 1

Threadlike structures within a cell’s nucleus
that contain DNA that are passed on from one generation to
the next.

Question 2

Double Helix

Answer 2

The twisted ladder structure of DNA.

Question 3

Nitrogen Bases

Answer 3

Molecules that contain nitrogen and other

elements that make up the rungs (middle section) of DNA.

Question 4

Adenine

Answer 4

One of the four nitrogen bases that make up the

rungs of DNA; it is abbreviated A.

Question 5

Thymine

Answer 5

One of the four nitrogen bases that make up the

rungs of DNA; it is abbreviated T.

Question 6

Guanine

Answer 6

One of the four nitrogen bases that make up the

rungs of DNA; it is abbreviated G.

Question 7

Cytosine

Answer 7

One of the four nitrogen bases that make up the

rungs of DNA; it is abbreviated C.

Question 8

Gene

Answer 8

A section of a DNA molecule that contains the

information to code for one specific protein.

Question 9

DNA Replication

Answer 9

The process in which an identical copy

of a DNA strand is formed for a new cell.

Question 10

Amino Acids

Answer 10

Molecules that make up proteins.

Question 11

RNA

Answer 11

Ribonucleic acid; the genetic messenger that
carries the genetic code from DNA inside the nucleus to the
ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Question 12

Uracil

Answer 12

The nitrogen base found in RNA instead of

thymine; abbreviated U.

Question 13

Messenger RNA

Answer 13

Type of RNA that carries copies
of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins
from DNA to ribosomes in the cytoplasm.

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that
carries information about an organism and is passed from
parent to offspring.