DNA and RNA processes Flashcards
DNA is an essential biomolecule for life because…
it carries the instructions required to make all proteins needed for the cell to function. DNA needs to be passed down to new cells when cells divide
Genes are the unit of
Inheritance (come in pairs one from mom one from dad)
Chargaff’s rule?
found that adenine= thymine and guanine=cytosine
chromosome?
A long strand of tightly coiled DNA
watson and crick determined that…
DNA was a double helix
watson and crick were able to determine that dna was double stranded thanks to…
Franklin’s x rays of DNA
define how dna is semi conservative
it has one original strand and one newly synthesized strand
which enzyme unzips and unwinds the DNA opening the replication bubble…
step 1 of DNA replication
helicase
what does primase do in step 2 of DNA replication
adds rna primers and signals where dna polymerase needs to start synthesizing the strand
whats the third step in DNA replication?
complementary base pairing with free nucleotides floating in the nucleus
where does DNA replication occur?
In the nucleus
what happens in the fourth step of DNA replication
DNA polymerase joins the nucleotides in the 5’ to 3’ direction
whats different about the lagging and leading strands?
the leading strand is made continuously whilst the lagging strand is made in fragments called okazaki fragments
Whats the termination step in dna replication
rna primers are removed and ligase joins the okazaki fragments
what are all the enzymes involved in DNA replication
Helicase, primase, DNA polymerase, ligase
