DNA and RNA Flashcards
What is in a nucleotide?
Phosphate, sugar and a nitrogen base
What are the steps to the DNA replication?
1-Helicase breaks the DNA strand apart 2-Polymerase puts it back together with a new strand and proof reads it
What kind of sugar is found in a nucleotide (DNA)?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Where is DNA located?
The nucleus
What type of bond holds the bases together?
Hydrogen
What type of bond hold the nitrogen to the sugar on the outside?
Covelant
What is transcription?
Transcription converts DNA to messenger RNA
What is translation?
Translation is using the amino acid chain to make protein in the cytoplasm
Where is transcription?
In the nucleus
Where is translation?
In the cytoplasm/ribosomes
Differences about DNA-
Bigger, double helix, stays in the nucleus
Differences about RNA-
Smaller, single helix, free floating
Similarities between DNA and RNA-
Has 4 building blocks, has A, C and G
What are the types of RNA?
Messenger, Transfer, Ribosomal
What does messenger RNA do?
Carries the code for making protein-made with codons
What does transfer RNA do?
Transfers the amino acid to the ribosomes-made with anti-codons
What does ribosomal RNA do?
A DNA strand called ribosomes
What is codon the code for?
The code for amino acids
Why do we need protein?
To repair our cells
Proteins are made in the…
RIbosomes
