DNA and Gel Electrophoresis

Question 0

DNA is stored in the ______ of every cell.

Answer 0

Nucleus

Question 1

DNA is necessary for every living organism to ____ and _____.

Answer 1

Live and grow

Question 2

DNA gives each cell a ____.

Answer 2

Role

Question 3

DNA molecules form a twisted ladder shape called a ______ _____.

Answer 3

Double helix

Question 4

Each nucleotide consists of a ________, a ______, and a _____.

Answer 4

Phosphate, sugar, and base

Question 5

There are four types of bases: _, _, _ , and _.

Answer 5

A, C, T, and G

Question 6

A DNA sequence forms a ____.

Answer 6

Gene

Question 7

The building blocks of DNA are _______.

Answer 7

Nucleotides

Question 8

A stands for ______.

Answer 8

Adenine

Question 9

C stands for _______.

Answer 9

Cytosine

Question 10

T stands for _______.

Answer 10

Thymine

Question 11

G stands for _______.

Answer 11

Guanine

Question 12

Adenine joins with ______. Cytosine joins with ______.

Answer 12

Thymine: Guanine. (A joins with T, C joins with G)

Question 13

Purines consist of ______, and ______.

Answer 13

Adenine and Guanine

Question 14

Pyrimidines consist of _______, and _______.

Answer 14

Cytosine and Thymine

Question 15

How do purines differ from pyrimidines?

Answer 15

Purines have a double base; purines have more electrons; purines have more nitrogen.

Question 16

Base pairs formed from Adenine and Thymine have ___ bonds.

Answer 16

Two

Question 17

Base pairs formed from Cytosine and Guanine have _____ bonds.

Answer 17

Three

Question 18

Restriction enzymes ___ DNA in specific places.

Answer 18

Cut

Question 19

Gel electrophoresis uses an _________ _______ to propel DNA fragments through the gel.

Answer 19

Electric current

Question 20

Gel electrophoresis uses an _______ gel.

Answer 20

Agarose

Question 21

Smaller DNA fragments move ______ than larger ones, so they are found closer to the ________ of the gel.

Answer 21

Faster; bottom

Question 22

The slots at the top of the agarose gel where DNA is placed are called ______.

Answer 22

Wells

Question 23

The wells are placed on the same end of the agarose gel where the ________ electric charge is flowing.

Answer 23

Negative

Question 24

Why do the DNA fragments move from the wells down?

Answer 24

DNA has a negative charge, so the negative charge flowing through the wells repels the DNA fragments away, and they are pulled by the positive charge towards the opposite side.

Question 25

DNA has a _______ charge.

Answer 25

Negative