DNA and Cells Flashcards
What does DNA mean?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What are the four different types of DNA nucleotides?
adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
What do the letters A, T, C and G represent in the context of DNA?
A= Adenine T= Thymine C= Cytosine G= Guanine
Which letters partner together?
A partners with T
C partners with G
What is the structure and function of DNA?
DNA stores instructions for making proteins.
What is a gene?
A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
What is DNA replication?
DNA replication is when a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.
What are chromosomes?
A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell. A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes.
What is the name for 1 or more forms of the same gene?
Allele
What is the name for the thread-like structure that contains all or part of the DNA?
Chromosome
What is the name for the structure of DNA?
Double-helix
What is the term used to describe a change in a cell’s genetic code?
Mutation.
What is a building block consisting of a sugar group, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base called?
A nucleotide
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine?
The 4 nitrogen bases in a nucleotide.
What are sex cells called?
Gametes
