DNA Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deohroyribneuleic acid
Where is DNA contained ?
In the nucleus of cells
In long structures called chromosomes
What is DMA made of?
A polymer
Two strands coiled together in the shape of a double helix
What are chromosomes?
Long molecules of DNA
What does DNA contain?
All instructions to build an organism and make it work
What is a gene?
A code for a a particular amino acid, to make specific protein
A small section of DNA
Where are genes found ?
On chromosomes
What is the genome of an organism?
the entire set of genetic material in an organism
What does the human genome allow scientists to do ?
- link different genes with different diseases
- help us develop effective treatments for inherited diseases
- trace migration of the human population
What is DNA made up of ?
A polymer made from four different nucleotides
What do each nucleotide made up of ?
- One sugar molecule
- One phosphate molecule
- One of four bases attached
Name the 4 bases DNA Contains
A
T
C
G
What controls what amino acids are assembled to produce a particular protein ?
The order of the bases
Where are proteins made ?
In the cell cytoplasm on tiny structures called ribosomes
How are proteins made ?
Ribosomes use the code in DNA
DNA is found in the cell nucleus and can’t move out because it is too big
So the cell needs to get the code from the DNA to the ribosomes
This is done using a molecule Called mRNA
