DNA

Question 1

Definition of genetic coding.

Answer 1

A short sequence of DNA that codes for s sepecific protein.

Question 2

The language of a gene only has 4 letters, which are?

Answer 2

A T C G

Question 3

The genetic code is?

Answer 3

A triplet code
Degenerate
Non-overlapping
Universal- present in every living thing

Question 4

What are the 2 major processes of protein synthesis?

Answer 4

Translation
Transcription

Question 5

Process of transcription

Answer 5

DNA double helix unzips
The hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases break
The two polypeptide strands seperate
The template strand acts as a template, free RNA neucleotides complementary base pair to the exposed bases on this strands by forming hydrogen bonds
RNA polymerase forms the sugar phosphate backbone by forming phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides.
The mRNA detaches from the template strand, leaving the nucleus
The two DNA strands join together by hydrogen bonds in complementary bas pairing.

Question 7

Process of translation

Answer 7

tRNA carrying a specific amino acid attached to the ribosome
A peptide bond forms between the adjacent amino acids
The tRNA leaves and the ribosome moves the mRNA strand
ANother tRNA carrying specific amino acid joins to the complementary codon on mRNA
This continues until a stop codon is reached
Ribosome dissociates and a polypeptide chain has been formed (primary structure)

Question 8

Differences of transcription on tanslation

Answer 8

Tran- happens in the nucleus
Transl-