DNA

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for all living organisms.

Question 2

Where is DNA in a cell?

Answer 2

Found In Nucleus

Question 3

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 3

double helix

Question 4

Describe the relationship between
chromosomes, DNA and genes.

Answer 4

INSIDE THE NUCLEUS OF THE CELL ARE CHROMOSOMES:
- 46 chromosomes inside the human nucleus
- is the name of the SHAPE the DNA takes when it’s coiled up

GENES:
a gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein- proteins determine the traits of an organism.

Question 5

What is a nucleotide?

Answer 5

= the building block of DNA
each nucleotide is made of -Phosphate group + Deoxyribose sugar + Nitrogenous base

Question 6

What are the 4 bases in DNA?
What base
pairs with what?

Answer 6

4 Bases:
Adenine (A) + Thymine (T)
Guanine (G) + Cytosine (C)

In RNA
Thymine is replaced with Uracil
(A), (U)

Question 7

What bonds hold together the bases in DNA?

Answer 7

• Nucleotides are joined together by
  Phosphate groups
• This Forms a sugar- Phosphate
  backbone
• HYDROGEN BONDS ( relatively weak) hold together the BASES

Question 8

What is RNA?

Answer 8

RNA, or ribonucleic acid, is a molecule that helps carry out the instructions from DNA to make proteins. It’s a single strand made of nucleotides, similar to DNA but with uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).

Question 9

Describe how DNA and RNA are similar and how they differ.

Answer 9

Similarities
- Both DNA and RNA are made of
nucleotides.
- Both carry genetic information.

Differences
- DNA is double-stranded, while RNA is
single-stranded.
- DNA has thymine (T), while RNA has
uracil (U).
- DNA stays in the nucleus; RNA can
move to the cytoplasm.