Dna

Question 1

function of nucleic acids

Answer 1

-control metabolic activities
mechanism for transmission of -hereditary information
control synthesis of proteins by -storing and transferring genetic material

Question 2

DNA in full

Answer 2

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 3

What is a gene

Answer 3

A section of dna that codes for certain genetic material \proteins

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

Condensed strand of Dna that is wrapped around proteins called histones

Question 5

Who discovered for Dna bases

Answer 5

Erwin Chargaff

Question 6

Maurice H.Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin

Answer 6

Studied Dna through x rays

Question 7

James watson and Francis H.C .Crick

Answer 7

Dna is double helix after studying a model

Question 8

Building blocks of nucleic acids

Answer 8

nucleotides

Question 9

Nucleotides consist of

Answer 9

sugar
phosphate
nitrogen base

Question 10

Four types of nitrogen bases

Answer 10

Adenine-Thymine\Uracil
Guanine-Cytosine

Question 11

Nuclear functions

Answer 11

controls functioning of cell
controls protein synthesis
stores hereditary information

Question 12

Dna Replication occurs where and when?

Answer 12

Interphase in the nucleus

Question 13

What is Dna replication

Answer 13

Duplication of a DNA molecule into 2 identical copies

Question 14

Steps of DNA replication

Answer 14

Double helix unwinds
Weak hydrogen bonds break and the Dna molecule unzips
Each strand serves as a template for a new strand to form
free nucleotides in the cytoplasm attach to complementary base pairs
there are now two identical dna molecules
Process is controlled by enzymes

Question 15

Importance of dna replication

Answer 15

-Ensures that genetic makeup of daughter cell is identical to parent cell
-ensures that chromosome number is daughter cell is equal to number in parent cell
-Ensure that hereditary information is transmitted from generation to generation

Question 16

Dna can be found in ?

Answer 16

Human hair
Body fluid
Body tissue

Question 17

Dna Profiling is used to what ?

Answer 17

To find criminals
To find relatives
To do paternity tests
To test for genes that cause some disorders
Establish matching tissue for organ donation
To find a person who is unidentifiable

Question 18

Disadvantages of Dna profiling

Answer 18

Can frame some innocent

Expensive

Subject to human error

Question 19

Three types of RNA

Answer 19

messenger
ribosomal
transfer

Question 20

Transcription process

Answer 20

-Occurs in nucleas
-Dna unwinds
-Weak h bonds breaks and molecule unzips
-One strand is used as a template
-Free nucleotides from nycleoplasm attach to complementary bases and form the mrna
-controlled by enzymes
-coded message for protein synthesis is copied onto Mrna
-each base triplet is called a codon

Question 21

Translation

Answer 21

-Mrna moves out of the nucleus out and into the ribosome
-Trna anticodon match codon of the mrna
-Trna anticodon bring amino acids to the ribosome
-Amino acids are joined by peptide bonds
-a polypeptide chain forms or protein