Dna

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

Question 2

Nucleic Acids

Answer 2

a complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.

Question 3

Proteins

Answer 3

any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, collagen, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.

Question 4

James Watson and Frank Crick

Answer 4

The two twentieth-century biologists (James D. Watson of the United States and Francis H. C. Crick of England) who discovered the double helix of DNA.

Question 5

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 5

Rosalind Elsie Franklin was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer whose work was central to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite.

Question 6

Nucleotides

Answer 6

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 7

Three parts of a nucleotide

Answer 7

A nucleotide consists of base, sugar, and phosphate group.

Question 8

Chargaff Base Pairing rule

Answer 8

Chargaff’s rules state that DNA from any species of any organism should have a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of purine and pyrimidine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine should be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to thymine. This pattern is found in both strands of the DNA.

Question 9

Mutation

Answer 9

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

Question 10

Three types of DNA Mutations

Answer 10

There are three types of DNA Mutations: base substitutions, deletions and insertions.

Question 11

Chromosones

Answer 11

a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.