DNA

Question 1

Define Chromosome

Answer 1

A 3D structure containing DNA.

Question 2

Define Genes.

Answer 2

A short section of DNA, codes proteins, characteristics.

Question 3

What is the structure of DNA?

Answer 3

Double Helix.

Question 4

What makes up a nucleotide (monomer)?

Answer 4

Phosphate, sugar and base.

Question 5

What are the 4 bases?

Answer 5

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine.

Question 6

Define the term ‘genome’.

Answer 6

The entire genetic material of an organism.

Question 7

Uses of genomes?

Answer 7

Helps search for genes linking to disease, to understand and treat inherited disorders and to discover ancestry.

Question 8

Define ‘mutation’

Answer 8

A change in the sequence of DNA.

Question 9

Describe the process of protein synthesis.

Answer 9

1) Inside the nucleus the DNA is unzipped and MRNA is formed from free bases.
2) Travels out of nucleus to ribosome.
3) Amino acids correspond to triplet code in the MRNA.
4) The amino acids then form proteins.