DM, DKA, Metabolic Syndrome

Question 1

What type of diabetes is diagnosed with a glucose tolerance test

Answer 1

gestational diabetes

Question 2

What HbA1C is diagnostic for diabetes

Answer 2

> 6.4%

Question 3

Fasting blood glucose diagnostic for diabetes

Answer 3

2x measurements >200

Question 4

How often to check HbA1C

Answer 4

q3 mo

Question 5

Proven efficacy for macrovascular health in diabetes

Answer 5

ASA

Question 6

The most effective way to lose weight for the vast majority is

Answer 6

calorie restriction, healthy diet

exercise should supplement, but is not the main point of a weight loss plan

Question 7

Metformin side effects
most common
most dangerous

Answer 7

most common: GI upset
most dangerous: lactic acidosis
-does not allow lactate to be taken up by hepatocytes as gluconeogenic substrate
-increased risk in kidney failure

Question 8

Diabetic patients undergoing CT studies

what to watch out for

Answer 8

need to hold metformin and keep off for 72 hours after

metformin + IV contrast = renal failure

Question 9

Goal HbA1c for most diabetics

Question 10

First step in treatment of DKA

Answer 10

bolus fluids

Question 11

K+ supplementation in DKA

Answer 11

• may need to supplement K+ before starting insulin therapy, if K+ is already too low
• when safe K+ level, then treat with insulin and supplement K+ as needed
• be sure to monitor electrolytes

Question 12

Metabolic syndrome symptoms

Answer 12

most often asymptomatic

Question 13

Diagnostic elements of metabolic syndrome

Answer 13

3 of the following:

• 40” waistline
• BP >130/85
• TG>150
• fasting Glc >100 mg/dL
• HDL