DJM Topic 2 - Visualizing Time Series Data Flashcards
Time series analysis
Visualizing the quantitative relationship through time
Trend
The overall tendency of values to increase, decrease, or remain stable over time
Variability
The average degree of change from one point to the next over time
Rate of change
Useful for comparing multiple series by considering percentage difference
Co-variation
When two time series relate, with changes in one reflected in the other
Cycles
Patterns that repeat at regular intervals like daily, weekly, or seasonally
Exceptions
Values that fall outside the norm
Line charts
Commonly used for analyzing patterns and exceptions in time series
Bar charts
Useful for emphasizing and comparing individual values
Dot plots
Good for analyzing irregular time intervals like certain days
Radar charts
Can compare cycles and spot exceptions
Heatmaps
Effective for analyzing high-volume cyclical patterns and exceptions
Animated scatterplots
Used to analyze changes in correlation over time
Discrete data
Values from specific time points with a finite number of possibilities
Continuous data
Values can be measured at any time and are constantly changing
Displaying discrete data
Can use bar charts, stacked bar charts, or dot plots
Displaying continuous data
Can use line charts or step charts
Aggregating time intervals (1)
Viewing data at different time intervals to see patterns
Viewing time in context (2)
Examining data over a longer period of time
Trend lines (3)
Enhance perception of high-level patterns, but be aware of time period used
Missing values (4)
Omit from display rather than treating as zero
Logarithmic scales and percentages (5)
Used to compare rates of change
Overlapping time scales (6)
Used to compare cyclical patterns
Stacking line charts (7)
Used to compare multiple variables in different units
