Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clin med exam 2 > Dizziness > Flashcards

Dizziness Flashcards

1
Q

Vertigo

A

sensation of motion when no motion is occurring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Dizziness

A

sensation of disturbed spatial orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nystagmus

A

rapid involuntary movements of the eyes.
Vertical or Horizontal
fatigable or persistent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Syncope

A

rapid onset of transient LOC usually due to cerebral hypoperfusion with spontaneous recovery after short duration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Vertigo categories

A

Central and Peripheral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Central vertigo pathophysiology

A

due to a disease originating from the CNS
includes lesions of CN8
experience hallucinations of motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Peripheral vertigo pathophysiology

A

due to a disease that affects the labyrinth of the inner ear or the vestibular branch of CN8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- onset

A

central- slow
peripheral- sudden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- frequency

A

central- constant, progressive
peripheral- episodic, recurrent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- duration

A

central- weeks to months
peripheral- seconds to minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo-triggered by head position?

A

central- no, can be worsen but not triggered by
peripheral- yes, alleviated by motionless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- associated symptoms

A

central- neurological or visual
peripheral- tinnitus, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- fatigable

A

central- no
peripheral- yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Central vs Peripheral vertigo- nystagmus

A

central- vertical
peripheral- horizontal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Central- causes of vertigo

A

bad things

cerebellar strokes
tumors
infections
vascular disorders
vertebrobasilar migraine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Peripheral- causes of vertigo

A

BPPV (benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
vestibular neuritis
migrainous vertigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acute onset vertigo- dangerous causes

A

TIA
Cardiac dysrhythmia
CV disorder
Insulinoma, pheo

18
Q

Chronic onset vertigo- dangerous causes

A

posterior fossa stroke
bacterial/zoster labyrinthitis
brainstem encephalitis
miller fisher/Wernicke
meds/toxins

19
Q

Vertigo triggers

A

position- body vs head
exertion or valsava

distinguish triggers- not present at baseline vs
exacerbating factors- worsen preexisting symptoms

20
Q

Reproducible triggers- vertigo

A

have benign cause (ex BPPV)

21
Q

Episodic (nonreproducible) symptoms- vertigo

A

have dangerous causes
symptoms are spontaneous

22
Q

Focal neurological- vertigo

A

central (can be urgent or not)

23
Q

When should you worry about dizziness being a new onset?

A

Elderly (>60)

24
Q

Central vs Peripheral- physical exam findings- vertigo

A

Central
-constant- less severe
Peripheral
-intermittent, severe

25
Q

Central vs Peripheral- physical exam findings- nystagmus

A

Central- absent, directionality, vertical
Peripheral- present, unidirectional, never vertical

26
Q

Central vs Peripheral- physical exam findings- hearing loss or tinnitus

A

Central- rarely present
Peripheral- often present

27
Q

Central vs Peripheral- physical exam findings- intrinsic brainstem signs

A

Central- present
Peripheral- absent

28
Q

DIX-hallpike maneuver

A

gold standard for dx of posterior canal BPPV

45 degrees- head

(+) test= torsional fatigable nystagmus

29
Q

HINTs exam

A

HI- head impulse
N- nystagmus
Ts- test of skew

if all 3= central

30
Q

Workups for vertigo

A 
Caloric testing (cows) 
cold or warm water or air in ear canal stimulates acoustic nerve- causes nystagmus 
Cold= opposite, warm= same
31
Q

BPPV treatment

A

Eply’s maneuver

32
Q

BPPV

A

dense calcium carbonate crystals from utricle dislodge and fall into semicircular canal

-most common posterior canal

33
Q

BPPV- characteristics

A

vertigo= seconds- minutes
n/v
turning in bed, getting up from supine, tilting head

34
Q

Meniere’s disease

A

episodic vertigo (minutes to hours)
tinnitus
imbalance
caloric testing

35
Q

Meniere’s disease tx

A

low salt diet
diuretics- acetazolamide
meclizine or valium
steroid injections or surgery

36
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

acute onset, continuous, sever vertigo
hearing loss, tinnitus

37
Q

Labyrinthitis tx

A

supportive care tx
abx if fragile or bacterial
vestibular suppressants- diazepam, meclizine

38
Q

Vertebrobasilar TIA

A

usually vascular risk factors
minutes- 1-2 hours

39
Q

Vestibular paroxysmia

A

brief (1-several seconds), multiple a day
nystagmus provoked by hyperventilation

40
Q

Vestibular migraine= migrainous vertigo criteria

A
  1. meet IHS criteria for migraine
  2. episodic of fluctuating symptoms suggestive of a balance disorder
  3. no other neuro-otologic dx
  4. migraine symptoms during vertigo or imbalance periods

Clin med exam 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions