divisions of the NS

Question 1

what does the NS divide into

Answer 1

central NS: spinal cord + brain

peripheral NS: neurones that connect CNS to rest of body

Question 2

role of the CNS

Answer 2

Life functions / psychological processes
higher mental functions
spinal cord transmits info to the brain
controls reflex behaviours

Question 3

what does the peripheral NS divide into

Answer 3

autonomic NS

somatic NS

Question 4

role of the autonomic NS

Answer 4

controls unconscious activities for example breathing, HR, digestive system

Question 5

Role of the somatic NS

Answer 5

Controls conscious activities for example muscle movement and transmits info to and from the CNS

Question 6

What does the automatic NS divide into

Answer 6

Sympathetic NS

parasympathetic NS

Question 7

role of the parasympathetic NS

Answer 7

calms the body to restore to its resting state

Question 8

role of the sympathetic NS

Answer 8

FLIGHT OR FIGHT

Question 9

sympathetic NS effect HR

Answer 9

incr. HR
more blood flow to organs –> spread adrenaline around the body
more blood + glc pumped to muscles for respiration

Question 10

sympathetic NS: physical changes on the body during flight or fight

Answer 10

incr HR

• more blood flow to organs –> spread adrenaline around the body
• more blood + glc pumped to muscles for respiration

Pupils dialate
- improve vision

digestive system halts
- conserve + release stored energy

sweat
- facilitate temp regulation

Question 11

outline the NS pathway

Answer 11

stimulus
Receptor
Sensory neurone
CNS 
Motor neurone
Effector
Response

Question 12

What are dendrites

Answer 12

Receive information from other neurones

Passes information along an axon to form an electrical impulse that ends at the synaptic knob

Question 13

What is the role of the myelin sheath

Answer 13

Too late of the axon to increase the speed of nervous transmission

Question 14

What are neurotransmitters

Answer 14

Chemicals which are released from the presynaptic knob, diffuse across the signups to initiate the next impulse on the following you around to continue the signal

Question 15

What is the charge of the neurone like in the resting state

Answer 15

Negatively charge compared to the outside

Question 16

What is the charge of the neurone like in an activated state

Answer 16

Positively charged compared to outside

Generate an action potential, this creates an electrical impulse travels down the axon

Question 17

what is a synapse

Answer 17

Specialised gap between the neurons through which electrical impulses are transmitted

Question 18

Outline the structure of a synapse

Answer 18

Presynaptic membrane - cell membrane acts on terminal that faces the receiving cell
Postsynaptic membrane is separated by the presynaptic membrane by synapse

Question 19

Outline synaptic transmission

Answer 19

Neurotransmitters found inside vesicles in the presynaptic knob
When stimulated by nerve impulse at the presynaptic knob, vesicles fuse with presynaptic membrane and neurotransmitters are released into the synapse
Neurotransmitters diffused across the synapse and bind with postsynaptic receptors
This causes iron channels to be inflicted into the postsynaptic membrane and ions flow into the postsynaptic membrane, effects are excitatory or inhibitory

exitatory = AP triggered
inhibitpry= AP not triggered