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Psychology: Biopsychology > Divisions of the Nervous System > Flashcards

Divisions of the Nervous System Flashcards

Includes types of neurons and their functions

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1
Q

What is the nervous system divided into?

A

Central nervous system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

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2
Q

What is the CNS divided into?

A

Brain
Spinal cord

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3
Q

What is the PNS divided into?

A

Somatic (voluntary)
Autonomic (involuntary)

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4
Q

What is the autonomic system divided into?

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

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5
Q

What process is the sympathetic system responsible for?

A

Activating the fight or flight response

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6
Q

What is the parasympathetic system responsible for?

A

Deactivating the fight or flight response

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7
Q

What is the main function of the spinal cord?

A

To relay information between the brain and the rest of the body

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of neurons?

A

Sensory
Relay
Motor

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9
Q

Where are sensory neurons found?

A

Receptors
E.g eyes, ears, skin

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10
Q

What are the function of sensory neurons?

A

To carry nerve impulses to the spinal cord and brain
When these reach the brain, they are translated into ‘sensations’

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11
Q

Where are relay neurons found?

A

Between sensory input and motor output
Found in the brain and spinal cord

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12
Q

What are the function of relay neurons?

A

To allow sensory and motor neurons to communicate

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13
Q

Where are motor neurons found?

A

In the CNS

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14
Q

What are the function of motor neurons?

A

Control muscle movements
When they are stimulated, they release neurotransmitters which bind to the receptors on muscles and elicit a response

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15
Q

What is intentional movement?

A

Where the brain makes a conscious decision to create movement via control of muscles

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16
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

Where actions do not reach the brain and neurons only reach the spinal cord, allowing for quick action

17
Q

What are dendrites?

A

Connected to the cell body
They receive signals from other neurons or from sensory receptor cells

18
Q

What are axons?

A

Long slender fibres that carry nerve impulses via action potentials away from the cell body and to the axon terminals, where the neuron ends

19
Q

What is a myelin sheath?

A

Acts as an insulator for the axon so that electrical impulses can travel faster

20
Q

What is an axon terminal?

A

Connects neurons to other neurons or directly to organs using a process called synaptic transmission

Psychology: Biopsychology (8 decks)

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