Division of Honey Bee Labour and Activities Flashcards

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1
Q

Put the following tasks in order according to age polyethism, youngest to oldest:
Process Food
Clean Cells
Forage
Feed Larvae

A
  1. Clean cells (0-2 days)
  2. Feed larvae (2-11 days)
  3. Process food (11-20 days)
  4. Forage (20-40 days)
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2
Q

How often do larvae need to be fed?
a) once a day
b) once every 5-6 hours
c) once every 1-3 hours
d) once every minute

A

d) once every minute

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3
Q

What task do bees that are 2-11 days old perform?

A

Feeding larvae

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4
Q

What task do bees that are 0-2 days perform?

A

Cleaning cells

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5
Q

What age do bees take part in food processing?

A

11-20 days

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6
Q

What two processes are involved in honey production?

A

Physical: water evaporation
Biochemical: sugar digestion

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7
Q

How do bees evaporate water from nectar during food processing?

A
  • actively make nectar ‘bubbles’ that increase the surface area exposed to dry, warm air
  • passively by the bees producing currents when fanning and beating their wings
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8
Q

What sugar(s) is/are the main component of nectar before food processing?

A

Sucrose

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9
Q

What sugar(s) is/are the main component of honey after food processing?

A

Glucose
Fructose

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10
Q

What is the name of the process where bees ingest and regurgitate nectar repeatedly during food processing?

A

Trophallaxis

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11
Q

Bees must consume __ kg of honey to produce 1 kg of wax

A

8 kg

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12
Q

At what age do bees participate in comb building?

A

12-15 days after emergence

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13
Q

At what age do bees participate in guarding behaviour?

A

14-18 days after emergence

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14
Q

Approximately ___ - ___% of bees perform guarding at hive entrances

A

10-20%

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15
Q

Briefly describe what guarding behaviour looks like

A
  • guards inspect all returning bees, touch them with their antennae
  • identify if bee belongs to colony or intruder
  • if intruder, releases alarm pheromone, unless carrying nectar
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16
Q

What is the main task of undertakers within colonies? How many bees perform this job?

A
  • removing dead bees from the hive
  • less than 5% of bees become undertakers
17
Q

What are 4 things that determine bee behaviour?

A
  • stimulus
  • genetic predisposition
  • physiological development
  • hormone regulation
18
Q

What are some examples of stimuli that can change bee behaviour?

A
  • Internal environment: pheromone odours, visual stimuli like dancing, temperature, humidity
  • External environment: flower odour/colour, climatic factors
  • Experience
19
Q

How does genetic predisposition affect bee behaviours?

A
  • workers full of half sisters, more likely to do work for each other than their own offspring
  • patrilines and subfamilies specialize in different tasks
20
Q

How do bees perceive stimuli?

A

Patrolling inside the hive, scouting outside the hive