Diving Related Emergencies

Question 1

Decompression Illness Signs and Symptoms

Answer 1

Neurological Changes
Respiratory Complaints
Musculoskeletal Pain
Itching and/or blotchy rash

Question 2

Cerebral Arterial Gas Embolism (CAGE) Signs and Symptoms

Answer 2

Neurological: GCS <15 at any point, any seizure, any LOC (even if asymptomatic when assessed by AV)
Onset of symptoms soon after surfacing (no specific timeframe, consider approx half an hr)

Question 3

Specific Hx Questions

Answer 3

Number of dives performed
Surface interval between dives
Maximum depth(s) and bottom time(s)
Type of ascent (controlled/rapid)
Decompression or safety stops
Breathing gas mixture used
Level of exertion during and after dive
Which symptoms presented
Any first aid provided and pts response

Question 4

Mgx of Diving Emergencies

Answer 4

Position: supine or lateral - reduces effect of gravity on the mobility of gas emboli
High flow O2: 10-15L/min NRB regardless of Spo2
If chest clear: NS IV 1000mL over 15-20/60 repeated every 4hrs
Tx Pain as per CPG
Treat Hypothermia as per Hypothermia CPG

Question 5

Why high flow O2?

Answer 5

Displace (take over) nitrogen in the system