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Gastrointestinal > Diverticular Disease > Flashcards

Diverticular Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Presence of diverticulum is called?

A

Diverticulosis

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2
Q

Diverticulum that becomes inflamed is called?

A

Diverticulitis

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3
Q

Symptomatic diverticulum?

A

Diverticular disease

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4
Q

What is diverticulum?

A

out-pouching of the bowel wall due to “wear and tear”

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5
Q

Where does diverticulum commonly present?

A

left colon/sigmoid

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6
Q

Risk factors of diverticulum? (5)

A
  1. low fibre
  2. age
  3. NSAIDs
  4. obesity
  5. smoking
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7
Q

Symptoms of diverticular disease? (6)

A
  1. intermittent LIF pain
  2. relieved by defecation
  3. constipation
  4. PR bleed
  5. N&V
  6. Flatuence
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8
Q

Cause of diverticulum?

A

Weakened walls where the blood vessels penetrate the wall

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9
Q

Symptoms of diverticulitis? (4)

A
  1. acute sharp LIF pain
  2. febrile
  3. N&V
  4. PR bleed
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10
Q

Symptom that occurs due to perforated diverticulum

A

Generalised peritonitis

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11
Q

Diagnosis of diverticular disease?

A

Colonoscopy (sigmoidoscopy)

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12
Q

When should you not do a colonoscopy in patients with diverticulum? Why?

A
  1. Diverticulitis

2. Can cause perforation

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13
Q

Investigations for diverticulitis?

A
  1. bedside - faecal calprotectin (rule out IBD)
  2. bloods - FBC, U&Es, clotting, LFTs,
  3. sigmoidoscopy
  4. CT abdo/pelvis (perforation, abscess, thickened walls)
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14
Q

Management of diverticulosis?

A
  1. lifestyle advice - high fibre, weight loss

2. laxatives (bulk forming - isphaghula husk)/

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15
Q

Management of diverticulitis?

A
  1. antibiotics (co-amoxiclav for 5 days)
  2. analgesia (avoid NSAIDs and opiates)
  3. IV fluids
  4. Liquid diet until Sx subside
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16
Q

complications of diverticulitis? (4)

A
  1. perforation
  2. strictures
  3. abscess
  4. large haemorrhage
17
Q

Surgery that can be used for Diverticulitis? What does it entail?

A
  1. Haartman’s procedure

2. removal of the sigmoid and rectum (protosigmoidectomy) , formation of a rectal stump (Hartman’s pouch) and colostomy.

Gastrointestinal (9 decks)

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