Diversity, Stereotypes And Ageing Flashcards
Define stereotype
A generalisation we make about specific social groups (that we are not part of)
Why do we use stereotypes?
Knowledge is stored as mental representations
Organised into schemata (groups of related info)
Saves ‘processing power’, makes the environment more predictable, allows anticipation and avoids information overload
Overlooks diversity
Prone to emphasis on negative traits and are resistant to change
Name some stereotypes of ageing
Intellectual deterioration
Cannot adapt to change
Personal stagnation
Introverted
When does the decline in IQ accelerate?
After the age of 70
What is the most age sensitive component of intelligence?
Processing speed
Describe crystallised and fluid intelligence
Crystallised = highly learnt skills and general knowledge Fluid = problem solving without prior training or exposure
What are the negative effects of retirement?
Don’t earn money
Social network decreased
Lowered self esteem
Loss of status
What are ascribed roles?
Roles that are given to us independent of what we do
Eg. Daughter
What are acquired roles?
Roles that we attain through experience and social recognition
What is prejudice?
The emotional response that we have to a particular stereotype.
Summarise the cognitive changes observed in old age
Lowering of IQ
Decrease in fluid intelligence
Reduced processing speed
What is culture based on?
Heritage
Individual circumstances
Choice
Name some consequences of not understanding the patient’s diversity
Miscommunication Non-compliance Not understanding the pt perspective Rejection of the HCP Conflict or isolation
Name some pressures on young people with regards to culture
Conform to family's religion/practices Conform to expected gender roles Conform to social norms Conform to family expectation Sexual orientation Impending forced marriages
Define sexual orientation
The gender(s) that you are attracted to (May be life-long or may change over time)
Sexual attraction includes 3 main areas of …
Feelings
Behaviour
Identity
What percentage of the population is thought to be LGB?
5-7%
Describe the gender binary model
There are 2 separate categories of gender: male and female
Clearly distinguished by anatomy
Define gender identity
Someone’s internal perception and experience of their gender
Define gender role/expression
The way a person lives in society and interacts with others
Define transgender
An umbrella term for those whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from their birth sex
Define transsexual
Being born one gender but feeling a constant and overwhelming desire to transition and fulfil their life as a member of the opposite sex
Why might discrimination of the LGBT community lead to poorer health?
Increased stress Low self esteem Isolation Increased conflict Sub-cultures (recreational drugs?) Distrust of authorities Health care unavailable
Why do lesbians need smear tests?
Because HPV can be transmitted between women
(Can lead to cervical cancer)
Many have had sex with men before
Being a good doctor to the LGBT community includes:
Validating the patient's identity Do not pathologise or moralise Confidentiality Respect Knowledge
