Diversity in Organizations (H8)

Question 1

implementation process (5)

Answer 1

1. recognition of need for change
2. diagnosis: present state - future goals
3. plan and prepare for implementation
4. implement diversity measures
5. review

Question 2

dass & parker management perspectives (4)

Answer 2

1. resistance
2. discrimination and fairness
3. access and legitimacy
4. learning

Question 3

resistance perspective

Answer 3

diversity is a non-issue or even a threat, the goal is to sustain status quo (homogeneity)

Question 4

discrimination and fairness perspective

Answer 4

diversity potentially causes problems, there are groups needing protection, the goal is to create equal opportunities

Question 5

access and legitimacy perspective

Answer 5

differences are an opportunity and are celebrated to try to gain access to new employees and consumers

Question 6

learning perspective

Answer 6

diversity means differences and similarities, creating opportunities and potential costs, the goal is to embrace differences and similarities which enables individual and organizational learning

Question 7

quantitative or qualitative research?

Answer 7

a combination is required; qualitative in depth but restricted in extent, quantitative extensive but superficial conclusions

Question 8

levels of analysis (8)

Answer 8

1. institutional history and organizational goals
2. ideologies, values, rules and strategic orientation
3. organizational culture and structure
4. hierarchy, management and personnel policy
5. products, services offered
6. time, place, work-life balance and other issues
7. sexuality in the organization
8. performance measurement

Question 9

what is 4-R?

Answer 9

it stands for: representation, resources, realization and rights, and it is a diversity analysis method

Question 10

4-R: representation

Answer 10

the proportion of employees in specific positions, such as managers, who belong to a particular diversity group

Question 11

4-R: resources

Answer 11

the distribution of scarce resources such as money, time, power, knowledge, space and personnel (useful tool to reveal hidden practices of discrimination)

Question 12

4-R: realization

Answer 12

the qualitative survey of an organization’s norms, values and principles relating to diversity issues

Question 13

4-R: rights

Answer 13

the external and environmental context in terms of legislation, instructions, rules and mission statement (this varies from country to country)