diversification

Question 1

what is diversification

Answer 1

major proportion of increasing labour force in the agr sector must find alt employment opp in other non farm sector

Question 2

classification of diversification

Answer 2

1. diversification of crop prdn

2. diversification of productive activities

Question 3

explain diversification of crop prdn

Answer 3

. refers to change in cropping pattern to shift from subsistence to commercial
. also from single cropping pattern to multi cropping pattern
. choice of cropping pattern can be decided on basis of dd of crop and price

Question 4

explain diversification of prdn activities

Answer 4

. as agr is already overcrowded, a majority can find alt employment in other non-farm sector
. non farm sector has several sub-sectors:
1. dynamic subsector - sufficient infr to grow eg tourism, leather ind., agro processing ind., food processing ind., etc
2. other sub-sectors - traditional home based ind., like pottery, handloom, crafts
. the main non-farm areas of employment - animal husbandry, fisheries, horticulture, IT

Question 5

animal husbandry

Answer 5

. india = mixed crop sys (both crops and livestock farming)
. widely held species are goats, cattle, and fowl
. poultry accounts for largest share w 59%
. other animals include mules, camels, etc
. emerging ones include wool, eggs, meat, etc
. 70 million small and marginal farmers
. india has 300 million cattle and 109 out of that is buffaloes
. provides them with additional income, food security, transportation, and fuel and nutrition to the fam
. operation flood of 1970 is a result
. it refers to a sys where dairy farmers pool their milk acc to diff grading and the same is processed and mkted to urban centres
. it is based in anand, gujarat
. it has helped inrease milk prdn 5 times
. it also ensures fair price to farmers and steady income

Question 6

fisheries

Answer 6

. fishing comm consists of ocean, sea, lake, river, pond, etc
. classified into 2:
1. inland fishing (61%)
2. marine fishing (39%)
. total fish prdn accounts to 0.7% of total gdp
. problems the fishing community are facing:
1. increasing underemployment
2. illiteracy
3. indebtedness
4. lack of mobility to other sectors
5. low per capita savings
. even tho women are not actively participating n fishing, they constitute of 60% of export mkting and 40% of internal mkting

Question 7

horticulture

Answer 7

. refers to prdn of fruits, veg, tuber crops, aromatic and medicinal plants, etc
. india’s blessed with a variety of climatic conditions and soil
. horticulture helps reduce food insecurity, malnutrition and unemployment
. flower harvestng, nursery maintenance, tissue culture, food processing etc provides employment opp to women
. golden rev of 1991-2003 refers to planned investment in horticulture
. thru this, horticulture became a sustainable and prdtive livlihood option
. india became worlds largest producer of fruts like bananas, mangoes, coconuts, and cashewnuts
. 2nd largest producer of fruits and vegetables

Question 8

other alt livlihood/IT

Answer 8

. plays an imp role in achieving sustainable dev and food security n the world
. govt can predict areas of food insecurity and vulnerability thru appr info and software tools
. positive impact on agr as it can disseminate info regarding emerging tech and its application, price, weather, etc
. has potential to generate employment in ndia
. tool for utilising creative potential and capabilities

Question 9

colors of produce

1. food
2. horticulture
3. milk
4. egg
5. fertilizers
6. fish
7. petroleum
8. seeds

Answer 9

green
golden
white
silver
grey
blue
black
yellow