Diverse Places Flashcards
What is the rural to urban continuum?
It is the transition from a sparsely populated/unpopulated rural areas to densely populated urban places.
What is the population structure of the uk?
Over the last 150 years has been steadily increasing with annual change fluctuating a lot more
UK population characteristics over time
1960’s: baby boom post war, new towns built, immigration from Caribbean encouraged.
1970’s: fertility rates decreased/pop growth slowed down and economy weakened as thatcher shut down coal mines.
1980’s: government set up UDC’s leading to redevelopment, containerisation reduced number of people in factories.
1990’s: yuppies, annual pop growth rises due
to boomers, social and economic adjustment.
Now: secondary > tertiary, waves of immigrants, birth up death down eu allowed immigration.
What are the changes that have occurred to UK rural areas?
Suburbanised: by commuters and ex urbanites moving in e.g. services such as pubs > commuter villages.
Agriculture: food prices have fallen/become uncertain and many farms have diversified(diversification).Fewer young adults ageing pop > adults move out.
Counter-urbanisation: people move in from cities, keeps services but more expensive and property prices may increase and people retire to rural areas > ageing population.
What are the 4 influencers that shape places?
Regional,national,international and global e.g. local shops, Costa, train station etc.
What is a sense of place?
This grows from a person identifying themselves in relation to a particular location,experience or landscape and knowledge it’s culture etc.
E.g. buildings,heritage,physical landscape etc.
What is the difference between centripetal forces and centrifugal forces?
Centripetal = draw people together e.g. local shops,family,work etc. EXAMPLE: Morley: people who worked in textile mills lived close together/back to back terrace houses, local influencers include factories/mills shutting down(de industrialisation) forces people to move out. National influencers include improving connectivity. Global influencers e.g. TNC’s replacing old textile mills.
Centrifugal = forces that draw people apart e.g. conflict etc.
What is the urban reality?
What is the rural idyll?
Urban reality = implies towns and cities are places where you will find the good life.What are the realities?
Rural idyll = stereotypical perception of rural areas/places.
What are the types of rural places?
Commuter belt = high rates of pop growth and arrival of families + workers keen to escape downsides of urban areas e.g. high living cost, good number of young adults/migrants.
Accessible rural = strong number of retired people, predominately WB.’chocolate box villages’ , green belt status, marked for expansion.
Remote rural = victims of urbanisation, people leave for jobs, elderly left behind.
Internal and international migration flows in the uk and reasons for them?
- A lot more internal migration into London than out
- more in from north, out from south
Reasons: uni for out of London, north-south drift because economic depression in 1930’s, high levels of unemployment pushed workers and their families towards jobs in service sector.Better QOL in south, urbanisation is major reason.
What are the demographic, political, economic and socio-cultural impacts of immigration?
Demographic - uneven spatial distribution, higher population densities, higher fertility rates/pop structure changes.
Political- anti immigration policies, changes in voting patterns
Economic- increased labour, filling low paid jobs,exploitation,poverty.
Socio-cultural- increased ethnicity,segregation or assimilation, housing stress etc.
Why do ‘super rich’ choose London
Investing/buying properties to escape economic punishments which had been imposed in Russia and also to protect financial assets by buying properties overseas.
British pound holds more value,UK makes it easier for wealthy to migrate,crime rates low,Soviet Union collapse e.g. Kensington.
What are the different types of stakeholders?
Providers: owners of land,building contractors etc.
Users/Beneficiaries: users of current space,local authority,occupants
Governance:government,local authority
Influencers: local businesses,planners etc.
What is a generational shift?
Where as more generations of migrants move in it can lead to cultural erosion.
First second and third generation migrants.
CASE STUDY: Hinchley Wood
TOTAL POP:5068,
Gender: 46% MALE, 54% FEMALE
Ethnicity: 77% WB,0.2% BLACK, 62% CHRISTIAN.
Not very diverse, small town in Surrey.
-Little evidence of globalisation, although reduced customers in Georgie’s and new businesses need workers > transportation from London, shell garage brings more traffic but brings more people to area, McDonald’s also used to exist. Little evidence for employment change, some inward migration form transport, jobs being filled due to better connectivity > cultural change e.g. panshi.
