Diuretics-HTN HF Drugs

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Loop Diuretic
Indication: volume overload, edema
Mechanism: Blocks Na+ & Cl- reabsorption at the thick ascending limb of the nephron.

Allergic reactions: Sulfonamide –> skin rash

Pulmonary edema during CHF

Question 2

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 2

Thiazide Diuretic
Indication – hypertension, mild edema
Mechanism – blocks Na/Cl reabsorption at the early part of the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron

Allergic reactions: Sulfonamide –> skin rash

Question 3

Spironolactrone

Answer 3

Potassium Sparing Diuretic
Indication – hypertension, edema (usually used in combination with thiazide or loop diuretics)
Mechanism – blocks aldosterone action at late distal tubule and collecting ducts (aids in excretion of salt/fluid, retention of potassium)

Adverse effects – Dysrhyhmias
Often used with other diuretics bc of poor diuretic effect
Endocrine effects-similar structure to testosterone and estrogen

RAAS-also reduces K excretion